“Stomach flu” or “Intestinal Flu”

It is a colloquial term for viral infections of the gastrointestinal tract. Influenza viruses that cause most stomach (intestinal) are rotaviruses.

Epidemiology

Increased number of these cases are recorded each year in autumn and winter ie from November to April. Cases of these are most often epidemic. This is a very common disease found in the family, organized groups (colonies, trips), or in hospital wards. Most frequently and most seriously ill Children are from 3 months to 3 years.

How is it Spread

It is very easy to get contracted by the virus, the infection can be caused by just a few of its particles. The most important way of spreading is feralno-oral route for eg by dirty hands. Viruses can also spread through droplets released by sick people and infects both before and after the onset of symptoms.

Mechanism

The disease is caused most often by Rotavirus but sometimes it may also be caused by adenoviruses. The incubation period of such viral infections of the gastrointestinal tract is maximum of 2 days. Viruses multiply in the digestive tract, damaging the mucous membrane and leading to symptoms of disease.

Symptoms

  • Profuse, watery diarrhea lasting several days
  • Fever
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Abdominal pains
  • General feeling of weakness

Intestinal flu or 24 hour flu can be very dangerous in children and the elderly. Strong diarrhea can lead to life-threatening dehydration!

Treatment

Symptomatic (ie, we treat the consequences of illness):

  • Replenishing fluids – Oral at home, intravenous in hospital is often given.
  • Replacing electrolytes – Available in a pharmacy in the form of powders meant for reconstitution.
  • Supplementing the bacterial flora (good bacteria) – yogurt, probiotics in capsule form.
  • Antipyretics are given in case of fever.

If symptoms persist, one must consult a physician to rule out another possible cause of diarrhea (eg bacterial infection).

In addition, when you are at home and you have somebody suffering from 24 hour flu, you should be strictly observe rules of hygiene:

  • Frequent hand washing by all household members.
  • Use only disposable diapers for children.
  • Water flushing the toilet with closed shells.
  • Frequent cleaning of sanitary facilities.

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